Lecture notes (You still need to read the material.)
Normal body temperature is controlled by hypothalamus gland in the brain. core temperature (normal at 98.6) needs to remain constant for survival.
Environmental emergencies
Hypothermia (Hypo = Low)
result of conduction |
evaporation of perspiration |
radiation |
respiration |
S/S
Shivering,
loss of consciousness,
rapid breathing.
core temp.
Leads to death.
can occur in temperatures above freezing. has to do the the body's general medical condition (young & old) Chronic illness, cord injuries that cause dilation and those under the influence of whatever including their own stupidity.
Ethanol |
Overdose |
poisoning |
major trauma |
outdoor resuscitation |
decreased ambient temperatures |
underlying illness |
Near drowning |
Can cause loss of tissue in ears, nose, fingertips and toes.
PATIENT CARE
Remove wet clothing, dry blanket |
keep patient still, and at rest |
provide care for shock, O2 |
apply heat, use central re warming |
give alert patients warm liquids |
Handle very gently and carefully. |
Ongoing assessment |
If transport is delayed warm bath is useful |
PAIENT CARE OF THE UNALERT PATIENT
Open the airway |
provide high concentration O2 |
check respiratory and pulse rates |
keep wrapped in blankets |
transport as soon as possible |
Ongoing assessment |
In extreme hypothermia the heart rate can slow to less than 10 beats per minute.
assess the carotid pulse for 30 to 45 seconds.
start CPR if no pulse.
if pulse is present follow care steps.
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